Evaluation de la sensibilité ex vivo de Plasmodium falciparum à la Dihydroartémisinine et à la Pipéraquine à Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.64707/revstss.v49i1.2332Mots-clés :
Burkina Faso , Plasmodium falciparum, Dihydroartémisinine , Pipéraquine, sensibilité ex vivoRésumé
Introduction : Au Burkina Faso, le paludisme demeure la première cause de consultation et d’hospitalisation dans les formations sanitaires. En zone d’endémie palustre, le renforcement de la surveillance des antipaludiques est prioritaire. L’évaluation de la sensibilité parasitaire ex vivo constitue un outil fondamental pour détecter l’émergence des résistances. Le présent travail avait pour but d’évaluer la sensibilité ex vivo des isolats cliniques de Plasmodium falciparum à la dihydroartémisinine (DHA) et à la pipéraquine (PQ) dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Méthode : Nous avons conduit une étude transversale dans trois centres de santé dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso entre juin 2024 et janvier 2025. Du sang veineux (3-4mL) a été prélevé chez les sujets présentant un paludisme simple à forte parasitémie (≥1%) pour des essaies de culture ex vivo en présence de la DHA et de la PQ. La sensibilité ex vivo a été mesurée après un test standard d'inhibition de la croissance de 72 heures et les valeurs de concentrations inhibitrices 50% (CI50) ont été déterminées à partir des courbes de dose-réponse.
Résultats : Au total 133 sujets ont été inclus dans cette étude dont 90,98% des échantillons mise en culture avec succès (121/133) pour la DHA et 85,71% (114/133) pour la PQ. Les valeurs médianes de la CI50 étaient de 1,88 nM (IQR : 0,31-9,58) et 8,49 nM (IQR ; 1,43-39,67) respectivement pour la DHA et la PQ.
Conclusion : L’étude a montré que les isolats de Plasmodium falciparum sont très sensibles à la DHA et à la PQ
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