Bacteriologically unconfirmed tuberculoses in the infectious diseases department of CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Burkina Faso. Its bacteriological diagnosis remains difficult in our context, resulting in a delay of treatment harmful to patients. The objective of our work is to study the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of bacteriologically unconfirmed tuberculosis in the infectious disease department of CHUYO. Patients and method: We conducted a cross-sectional which consisted to a review of medical records during the period of 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2019. Bacteriologically unconfirmed tuberculosis is defined as a case of tuberculosis that does not meet the criteria for bacteriological confirmation, but in which the progressive form has been diagnosed on the basis of clinical and/or radiological signs. Results: During the study period a total of 95 medical records of patients with tuberculosis were retained, including 74 cases of bacteriologically unconfirmed tuberculosis, representing a frequency of 77.9% of TB patients. The average age of patients was 40 years ±13. Forty-one percent of patients were without a profession and 67.2% lived in urban areas. The general condition at admission was altered in 93.1% of our patients. The most common signs were chronic cough, dyspnea, anemia, dehydration, infectious syndrome and pulmonary condensation syndrome. Chest X-ray contributed to the diagnosis in 90% of patients. Tuberculosis was multifocal in 39% of cases. HIV serology was positive in 76.4% of patients. The average time to diagnosis was 13.2 ±5 days. All patients received anti-tuberculosis treatment according to the national protocol. The evolution was marked by a lethality of 30.6%.
Conclusion: Bacteriologically unconfirmed tuberculosis is common in the infectious diseases department of CHUYO. the diagnosis is late with a heavy lethality.