Endemic of schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) among children in Burkina Faso

Abstract

This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study which was conducted in 1 1 of the 13 regions of Burkina Faso. It aims to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted- Helminth (STH) as well as to establish their spatial distribution after one decade mass treatment. For this work, 3514 children aged 7- 11 years in 22 primary schools participated in the study. The filtration method of 10 ml of urine was used for the detection of Schisrosoma haematobium eggs and the Kato-Katz for the identification of eggs of Schistosoma mansoni and geohelminths in the stool. The overall prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was 8. 1% (confidence interval 95%: 7.3% - 9%) and the intestinal form was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9 % - 1.6%). By region, the Central East, the Sahel and East had a prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis above 15% (p <0.00 1). The following geohelminths were encountered during the study: Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris Lumbricoides with respective prevalence's 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8% - 1.4%), 0.1% (95% CI: 0% - 0. 1%) and 0.1% (95% CI: 0% - 0.2%). The results were divided by age, sex, region and village.

It is noted globally, lower prevalence of schistosomiasis. But efforts must be provided in the areas where prevalence is greater than 5% and in the others regions where the prevalence are under 5% in order to eliminate schistosomiasis which is a public health problem. There is also a low prevalence of STH in the study sites.