Fungal inventory and proposed disinfection methods for cashew nuts from orchards with gummosis symptoms in Western Burkina Faso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2106Keywords:
fungi, cashew nuts, transmissibility, biocontrol, Burkina FasoAbstract
The development of a competitive cashew nut industry in Burkina Faso is severely
threatened by fungal contamination of the nuts, which affects the quality, yield and
commercial value of the product. The aim of this study is to identify the fungi
associated with cashew nuts and to evaluate the effectiveness of different disinfection
methods in limiting their growth. Nut samples were collected from three production
areas and then analysed in the laboratory to isolate and identify the fungi present.
Disinfection tests were carried out on plant extracts, oils, Trichoderma sp strains and
a chemical control. The study identified several fungal genera associated with nut
degradation, including Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium, with varying
frequencies depending on the health status of the samples. Comparative evaluations
showed that certain natural solutions, in particular the essential oils tested and
Trichoderma sp, significantly reduced the growth of these fungi, with an efficacy
sometimes comparable to the chemical treatment used as a control. O. gratissimum
oil recorded low infestation rates of 11 to 38%, followed by Cassia nigricans at 22 to
72%, and Trichoderma treatment at 25 to 94%.
These results highlight the diversity of fungal agents associated with cashew nuts and
the potential of biocontrol methods as sustainable alternatives to chemicals. They
open up prospects for improving post-harvest practices and promoting local antifungal
control solutions.
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